Coffee in the Philippines Essay

This Euromonitor market report provides market trend and market growth analysis of the Coffee industry in Philippines. With this market report, you’ll be able to explore in detail the changing shape and potential of the industry. You will now be able to plan and build strategy on real industry data and projections. The Coffee in Philippines market research report includes: Analysis of key supply-side and demand trends Detailed segmentation of international and local products Historic volumes and values, company and brand market shares Five year forecasts of market trends and market growth. Robust and transparent market research methodology, conducted in-country Our market research reports answer questions such as: What is the market size of Coffee in Philippines? What are the major brands in Philippines? How significant is vending in coffee distribution? How does the increasing nuber of speciality coffee shops impact retail sales of coffee? What are the future prospects for instant 2-in-1 coffee, 3-in-1 coffee and 4-in-1 coffee? How are coffee pods performing in Philippines? Why buy this report? Gain competitive intelligence about market leaders Track key industry trends, opportunities and threats Inform your marketing, brand, strategy and market development, sales and supply functions This industry report originates from Passport, our Hot Drinks market research database. Each report is delivered with the following components: Report: PDF and Word Market statistics: Excel workbook SAMPLE ANALYSIS TRENDS Instant coffee mixes continued to gain popularity in both off-trade and on-trade channels in 2010. Rising demand for these products was due to the ease in preparation with minimal time involved, which is highly valued by Filipinos with busy lifestyles and busy consumer foodservice operators as brewing fresh coffee makes it difficult to meet demand. Nevertheless, the type of instant coffee used in on-trade establishments is usually different from off-trade brands as food establishments with high volume consumption commonly work with coffee manufacturers to produce customised mixes made from freshly-ground coffee beans and with added flavours, but come in instant powder format. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE In 2010, Nestle Philippines continued to dominate coffee with an 81% share of off-trade volume sales and an 89% share of off-trade value sales. This was mainly due to the strong brand recognition of Nescafe, as its name is synonymous with coffee in the Philippines, and the extensive distribution network in both modern and traditional retail channels. The well-diversified product portfolio of Nescafe in instant coffee has also enabled the company to capture a broader range of consumers – from low-income Filipinos to health conscious coffee drinkers. PROSPECTS Longer working hours and busier lifestyles for Filipinos, along with the desire to streamline operations amongst foodservice establishments, are all expected to increase the demand for instant coffee mixes over the forecast period. Nevertheless, consumption of fresh coffee is expected to improve over the same period. Higher demand should be driven by a niche group of affluent consumers who are willing to pay more and focus on quality rather than convenience.

Essential Questions Essay

1. How and why did America turn toward domestic isolation and social conservatism in the 1920s? Americans turned toward domestic isolation and social conservatism in the 1920s because of the red scare. Many people used the red scare to break the backs of all struggling unions. Isolationist Americans had did not have a lot of hope in the 1920s. There began to be a large amount of immigrants flowing into the US. During 1920-1921, over 800,000 immigrants had come. This type of immigration was known as the â€Å"New Immigration†. The Emergency Quota act of 1921 and the Immigration Act of 1924 severely limited immigration and was taken from the census of 1890 rather than 1910, because 1890 was a huge immigration year. It was the worst for the Japanese. The main reasons for isolation was due to anti European feelings, immigrant labor that lowered wages, the need for skilled workers and radical political movement and beliefs such as socialism, communism, and anarchism which were usually known as the Red Scare. 2. How was the character of American culture affected by the social political changes of the 1920s? (Include both white ethnic groups and blacks in your discussion.) The character of American culture was affected by the social political changes of the 1920s and America became a country focused on individualism. After World War 1 ended, the political and economic focus on the individual instead of community needs lead to a time of isolationism. There was less emphasis placed on the family than in past decades which resulted in a divorce rate of 20 percent. The 1920’s were a period of riches and very expensive economic practices. 3. Why was immigration which had existed for many generations, seen as such a great threat to American identity and culture in the prosperous 1920s? America was always seen as a country where it would be safe for immigration and immigrants from Europe to come to make a living. While immigration had always been open for generations, in fact, since the United States was born, people started to resent immigrants because they started to take jobs away from normal citizens, and also because of just plain racism. People wouldn’t like Japanese, Chinese, Italians, Irish, etc. As for assimilation, many people come to this country with no intention of ever becoming Americans. They want to be known as Americans. A lot of the immigrants didn’t want to pay taxes or learn English, except work at a really low wage and steal jobs. 4. Why did critics like Horace Kallen and Randolph Bourne dislike the pressure on immigrants to â€Å"Americanize† and join the â€Å"melting pot†? What did they envision that America should be like under the ideals of â€Å"cultural pluralism†? Critics like Horace Kallen and Randolph Bourne, who was a progressive writer and public intellectual from New Jersey, both disliked the pressure on immigrants to â€Å"Americanize† and join the â€Å"melting pot† because they felt that Americanism should not be associated with Anglo-Saxonism. Randolph said that the US should put up immigrant cultures into a cosmopolitan America instead of forcing immigrants to get used to Anglophilic culture. 5. How did some of the events of the 1920s reflect national conflict over social, cultural and religious values? The Red Scare reflected the fear of Americans which they had of communists infiltrating the US government. Sacco and Vanzetti’s arrest and execution made foreigners fear America even more, especially the anarchists. This caused worldwide dispute over whether they were given a fair trial, or if it was just based on them being Italian and â€Å"anarchists†. The Scopes Trial reflected American fear of new ideas that looked like it challenged traditional religious values and the Biblical origin of man. The Teapot Dome Scandal reflected America’s want of wealth and their materialistic ways, which made people want material possessions at any price. The Flappers reflected America’s changing values of enjoyment, immorality, and worldliness. 6. How did the automobile and other new products create a mass-consumption economy in the 1920s? When the United States made the model T Ford, this was the first time the US found a way to mass produce a one color one size fits all reliable and at the time fashionable Model T. Thomas Edison also invented a major thing that many people just had to get to go into the next millennium, which was the light bulb. This new era destroyed the old way of light, which was the candle, and replaced it with an electricity consuming item that was really useful. Also, there was George Washington Carver, who was a Botanist and a Chemist. He established an official industrial research center in both Alabama and Iowa. Carver was able to make legumes into useful ingredients in medicines and materials for consumer use, like the peanut. 7. How did the new films, literature, and music of 20’s affect American values in areas of religion, sexuality, and family life? Were African American cultural developments fundamentally different, or were they part of the same cultural movement? The 1920s has been known for a long time as the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†. This was an era of first-time prosperity that was best remembered through the cultural artifacts made by its new mass-consumption economy. The new media erased the old values and helped to bring in a new set of values. You could argue that the movies and music, which was mostly jazz, encouraged people to take on more self-indulgent values. 8. In what ways were the twenties a social and cultural reaction against the progressive idealism that held sway before and during WWI? The 1920s were a time when people stopped being idealistic and started to just be interested in fun and getting ahead in money. Before WWI, there was a Progressive movement that was very idealistic. The Progressives were trying to change the world and â€Å"progress†, but after WWI, this idealism seemed to be gone, probably because the war was so bad. People probably no longer thought they would be able to change the world and just wanted to turn their attention to having fun. Because of this change, the ’20s were a time of fun and materialism. People were getting rich because of the stock market boom. Many were enjoying themselves with the new movies, abundant amount of cars, and the exciting new music, like Jazz. They were coming to have different values which emphasized having fun.

Structured society relies on people knowing how to survive in Western Civilization

Structured society relies on people knowing how to survive, and also how to survive with others. According to Owen, (1997), there exist the general skeleton of the social order which is so well distinct, planned, and planned that there’s room for personal freedom and creativity within the organization. In structured society, people works while every individual knowing his duty, for example if the society is structured, socially politically and economically. There need to be law and order hence need for specialization, this reduces conflict in terms of role assignment. The specialization is known to be the major drive for civilization. When mixed with division of labor, specialization allows for maintenance of law and order. In such societies duties and responsibilities are stated, for example in political structure we have the roles of the president affirmed and written in the constitution therefore one has guidelines to abide with. The leader has to have subject to rule, it’s not possible to have rulers if you have no people to rule, hence need for structured society whereby people are civilized and are able to live together in harmony. Law and order is very vital in such societies (Owen, 1997). Christiano (2004) observes that when we live within the law, we share in the common good which helps all, and provides for a better world to grow and live in. But In Aristotelian scholasticism, ethics which are the basis for law are understood to mean the science for good life (Barford, 1996). In the same context, man is regarded as rational animal and therefore able to act in accordance with the right reason and also able to act justly and courageous. As members of the society, we are supposed to come together and advance based on the laws of the society we live in. Reilly (2000) thinks that liberty was necessary for revolution only when used like a guiding rule, he emphasized that independence of each person must be respected. However, according to him total freedom for all cannot exist as a basis of the society. For one person to have entirely autonomy over another person, the other person will have to give up their freedom to allow the former to survive. When people move from their tribal clique, races to join new people in the working places for example town, they are said to undergo civilization which is a slow process which started long time ago more than 5000 years ago (Jessop, 1998). Civilization brings positive competition where everyone will do his best to be on the top of other ladder, sparkle. Civilized People are able to live together irrespective of their social background; it has increased trust between individuals to an extent that people are able to collect each other whenever a neighbor go astray, therefore togetherness in the community. Natural law is viewed by many philosophers as the instrument used in the exploration of gods will. As Martin, (1999) explains, natural law is different from theology, in that it does not rely fully on supernatural law or revealed sources but on empirical evidence concerning human existence and nature. Natural law is a source of social norm in the society. It provides the basis for moral system in different religious group. According to Owen (1997), in whatever setting of the society and religion, all share the common frame work of natural law. Looking at the process of absorbing social norm, members of a society utilize socialization and education to distinguish between the good and the evil. Social norms are based on human nature and are important convections required to achieve social stability. The major objective of natural law is to make or sustain socially valued roles for people in their society, in case where an individual holds valued social roles, one is highly likely to receive in return those good things in life that are obtainable in that society hence the society always a way of paying those people who adhere to its norms. In additional all sorts valued things that other people are able to pass on are almost involuntarily accorded to a person who holds societal appreciated roles, at least within the resources and norms ones society. (Barford, 1996). Most human being societies have adopted certain societal norms which result either from ethics or from intrinsic ideas. But according to Young, (2003), consequences are that they partially result to human societies being unable to forbid impunity. Eventually, serious tensions picks in the society that may lead to society’s demolition. Men in general learn to differentiate between good and evil through learning and socialization. Through reason, a man is able to distinguish between what is unacceptable and what can be accepted in a particular society. Some norms are vital for social stability and in this sense such norms are based on human natural history, they are conventions that we need to have a stable society. Therefore society norms and ethics have a major role in setting the society free from disorder (Barford, 1996). If law totally breaks down, then society is worse off than before (Owen, 1997). Socrates believed in this statement and totally refused to break the law. He wondered what kind of citizen he will be if he refused to accept the ruling of the jury. In addition Reilly (2000) in his book the social organization of today are dissimilar from the first civilizations in that primitive cultures depended on unity of people to live. However currently everyone depends on cash inform of monitory value and it has established the same as the common good. According to Kibuka (2000), the society without cash would work mainly because it goes against individual nature. No matter how genuine and accountable people are civilized, people always need a reward. He continue to express criticism that without the reward everything will have no value hence the world will still be far away from civilization. In his book Reilly (2000) argues that an operational, liberated and just society must rest on a basic principle. Right liberty cannot be real for all, unless the civil liberties of all are valued by all, these right can be liberty and the pursuit of happiness. According to Karl Marx, order is highly important for the organization and for maintenance of all human societies and to bring about civilization. He said the higher rank of order a society achieves, the more superior the society tends to be unable to find order and indeed the more chaotic it become (young, 2003). Marx contradicts with Reilly (2000) who thought civilization goes hand in hand with law and order in the system. He points out that through the period of anarchy and revolution a society mainly lack order and therefore becomes chaotic. Both Marx and Reilly (2000) however converge on the same thoughts that societies have a lot of the attributes of the united system; through swapping matter and energy to their surroundings as they add to their order specialization tend to develop. The world is an island and therefore we all need each other to survive and we communication which is the key to the organization and development of all human societies; this involves use of words and symbols. It’s therefore very vital to have a pattern of value, order and norms so that law and order will be maintained in a society; this explains why in a structured society there is need for law and order. In addition order and pattern is the core of social union and function (Cohen & Arato, 2001). Karl Marx quoted that though much energy is put in a society to maintain order, change is unavoidable hence he believed that every society can be destroyed if unity is not maintained by law and order (Young, 2003). At this juncture, Marx was in agreement with (Reilly 2000) who argued out that for there to be order in the society we need law to be followed for law and orders go hand in hand. Reilly (2000) believed that rational societies were structured to attain goals flexibly and were able to meet the test of time therefore adjusting for better. In what I regard as the major achievement of the Greek and Roman Empires, the ancient Greek empire has contributed a lot to civilization of the west. Since inception the Greek philosophy, it has continued to shape the whole of western thought impacting on modern philosophy and modern science (Jessop, 1998). Although many philosophers believe that neither inquiry nor the reason began with the ancient Greeks, the Socratic methods together with his ideas of form are entirely from the Greek. Socrates who was the teacher for Plato was an Athenian philosopher who believed that a person should strive always to do well. He emphasized that one should always know you and he was known for disobeying the bad command (Barford, 1996). Aristotle and Plato work forms the major philosophies that have greatly influenced the western philosophy. The Greece’s were very good in art, history, art and science which many countries including western countries borrowed to shape their growth of civilization. All these cultures begun with what is known as golden age of Greece: it’s the time of cultural prosperity peace and time of law and order in Greece. More so myths, Olympics, democracy rule of law all originated in Greece. Greek’s had a very rich culture which influenced western civilization. The most notable was mainly their philosophy and its culture which dictates their rich norms and values (Hefner, 1998). Greek scientist made radical discoveries in several fields like in mathematics, physics, medicine, biology and astronomy. This forms part of the reason why Greek civilization is still regarded as mother of discoveries. On addition it was first in Greeks where commercial trading post and colonies were founded this led to the growth of trade which in turn led to adoption of septic alphabetical scrip. These scripts led to the development of the subject mathematic. The Greek had several enemies who wanted to conquer them. The conflicts with the Persians did not only make the Greek Empire become very strong but also allowed establishing a very strong form of government which favored specialization (Hefner, 1998). To an extent ancient Greece affected civilization of the west with politics, this is because the Greece was the first to establish the democratic systems. Laws as it’s in many western countries laws were voted on and proposed directly by the assembly of all citizens therefore Greece offered a form of government which is used by the western countries including the US. A form of government which has the Executive branch, the judicial branch and the judicial branch began with the Greece and later borrowed by the west. Greece was the first to realize the important of sports and make sport their tradition hence the first Olympic was held there. Surprisingly, up to date the western countries still compete on the same sports which were held on the first Olympics (Martin, 1999). For ancient Roman, Engineering was a main issue influencing western civilization. Nowadays the Greek technologies are used to build bridges, harbors and roads were buildings in the west. Cohen and Arato (2001) express no doubt that civilization of the west has been shaped and largely based on Greece’s powerful politics, philosophers, medics, sports and classical art. The society has played a big role in the invention of law, in order to advance the concept of the common good. The common good was crucial to normative vision of what can be regarded as good life during the time of the Greek moral philosophy that formed the basis of western thought. The common good entails grasping idea that a person as sacred and social. Common good is based on understanding that human rights and dignity together with well being and human potential are achieved in one’s moral ecology. On the other hand it is the social justice that orients the moral action to the common good. Every person in the society who is dedicated to the quality of life and to the well being of every body gives in to the common good of all since. Plato asserted that in a just society, citizen bestowed themselves to the common good, act morally and wisely, and practices the occupation they are best suited. Aristotle contrary to that recommended that a state should be governed by middle class, because he thought that they are likely to struggle for fairness of the common good. Moreover he stressed that an individual depends on the society in order to survive a truly human life, and even that the state is a natural creation that precedes a person (Owen, 1997). As per St. Augustine, he diverted the natural law of society from one based on reason to one based on divine rule. In his argument, St Augustine Hefner (1998) apprehends God and churches as the vital base of civic virtue, law and order of the social order. Therefore religion is very important in shaping human destiny, for church offers laws and ethics to be followed. Its society’s role to come out with guidelines for defining what is norm and what is right. It is also the society role in general to mold its own people. It has a function of maintaining law and order hence protecting its people. Jessop, (1998) asserts that the main function of civil society is to compel human beings to respect one another’s rights. Civilization can be achieved only when the civil societies in the western countries protect its members to pursue diverse interest at the same time the political parties striving to guide the members towards party goals. Nevertheless, many philosophers predict that the western civilization is on the verge of collapsing. Cohen and Arato (2001) attribute the collapse to invasion of the west culture by other cultures. Although, the west citizens are slowly rejecting their community culture, they still hold some sense of commitment towards it.

Research Analysis Opinion Paper ( government class)

Analysis Opinion ( government class) - Research Paper Example Texas had its ideals and overall goals aligned with those of the unionist until the Republican party leaders started criticizing most of the southern institutionsi. Some of the issues that the north and the south did not see eye to eye on included; slave trade, trade with England and export tariffs. Most Texas inhabitants did not own slaves but did have the same view as their southerners of non-abolition of the slave trade by the federal congressii. They believed that that was a privy of the state and not of Congress. During this time, the Union states were considering between staying in the union or secession and joining the Confederacy of the South. Texas was not the 1st state to pull out, but its pull out led to the actual break of the four-year war. During the time of Texas secession, President Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated in office (February 15, 1861). The union government under President Lincoln said that the southern states did not have a right to leave the union in a manner that they leftiii. Most of the states in the south had left to confederate as shown by image 1. The federal government maintained that the union had authority over them. Texas on the other hand wanted the union military out of Texas and took the step of raiding the union’s military bases, and this was the beginning of the war. There were significant differences between the southern states (Texas) and their northern counterparts that made the initial attempts of unification a non-smooth sail. The first and the most important was their different economic structures. The northern states were industrialists; they had developed textile industries among others, while the lower states were agriculturalists, farmed cash crops and kept livestockiv. This was the primary reason as to why the Texans were opposed to the abolishing of the slave trade. Though as indicated earlier most families did not own slaves, but they depended on the slaves to till their land and heard the

Strategic Management and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic Management and Planning - Essay Example The four functions of management include â€Å"planning, organizing, leading as well as accomplishing tasks or controlling†. These are significant in the development and implementation of a strategic plan. Planning entails lying down the final organizational goal, organizing and undertaking it in an expedient manner. It is the level at which the managers determine the right person to undertake the tasks depending on knowledge and skills. Nolan, Goodstein and Goodstein (2008) further observe that planning gives an answer to the questions of the current position of the business, where the managers want it to be in future, as well as the way to get there. Organizing is an important activity that that is concerned with putting the carefully planned objectives in to a comprehensive system whereby each task is allocated to the right person as well as the actions that managers need to take in order for the operations to run smoothly. In other words, it is involved in setting strategies for coordination of activities. The managers set the steps to be followed in order to accomplish the business goals. Leadership is important for any business to thrive and achieve the capability of coping with competition in the market. It involves generating enthusiasm amongst the employees in order for them to be productive. It involves creating awareness amongst them in order to ensure that they understand the organizational goals and the procedures that need to be adhered to facilitate their accomplishment.

To what extent can The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009) be described Essay

To what extent can The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2009) be described as a feminist text - Essay Example Additionally, she was drug abused and a lonely woman being suffering the miseries of her life through the hands of his own people. However, she has been shown as a strong woman who takes revenge along with justifying his stance. The storyline is quite captivating in every regard making readers and viewers to enjoy every bit of it (Larsson, 2011). Though, a number of critiques have stated that the movie revolves around the subject of feminist where huge focus has been on highlighting the position and power of women in the society against the men (Newman, 2011). Additionally, with a strong plot, the movie also questions the deeds of men in the society and crimes committed by them in the form of rapes and murders. Being a string gender, the acts of men in the society and especially in the settings of Sweden have been closely analysed through the lenses of feminist approach. On the other hand, the movie supporters stated that the mainly because of the female protagonist, there have been talks about the film being a feminist text but in reality, it touches social issues that need to be understood from women’s’ perspectives (Bourke, 2007). Based on this, the discussion will revolve around analysing the fact to what extent the movie can be described as a feminist text along with discussing about the crime, sexuality, and gender in Sweden in a critical manner. The movie has some serious drama, sexual explicit, physical abuses, rapes, murders, and crime scenes that can be alluring and saddening but showcasing the reality to an extent prevailing in the backdrop of a country like Sweden. The movie shows that the publisher of the Millennium Magazine loses a case involving allegations that were published by him about the billionaire financier Wennerstrom. He was sentenced to three months of imprisonment. The female protagonist in the form of Lisbeth Slander was hired by Vanger, the patriarch of

Cultural Diversity in the Public Sector Research Paper

Cultural Diversity in the Public Sector - Research Paper Example Not that the phrase ‘culture’ was not clarified, but ambiguities and dissimilar opinions began to turn up. It was in the year 1980, when Rappaport defined culture as â€Å"†¦a part of the distinctive means by which a local population maintains itself in an ecosystem and by which a regional population maintains and coordinates its groups and distributes them over the available land.† (233) Now that we have been provided with a verified characterization of culture, the question that still arises is â€Å"What does culture mean to US?† Everybody might have dissimilar responses, but collectively, the norms and traditions of living which have been passed down by our ancestors form our culture. When studying Sociology we can perceive that the term culture holds grand importance when referring to the society and its nature. Hence, the cultural nature of the society can be understood by studying its relation with the individuals who form it. What is ‘cul tural diversity’ or ‘cultural disparity’? Being an aggregate, it would be difficult for any society to grasp the answer, because when a mass of individuals (dependant/ independent) join together there ought to be a discrepancy in the outlook and beliefs, but if we review the previous expression we can discern that it itself is the answer to the former question. Therefore, culture diversity can be characterized as ‘the state of sheer conflict amongst different (sub) cultures of a civilization on the basis of language, customs, beliefs, ideas, norms and values. Cultural disparity is also known as racial or ethnic disparity. The two basic ingredients which shape a society and its components include the government (which wheels the societal set up and management) and the public sector (which practices the system provided by the regime). Hence, when people belonging to various cultural backgrounds begin holding and practicing their very own cultural ideals and b ecome badly informed of the reciprocal correspondence they have with other people, within the society and the organism of government, cultural diversity is at its dawn and it widens. For this reason, Stephen Tierney has also named this dilemma as ‘Multiculturalism’ or ‘Cultural Pluralism’ as he explains that the common factor which the struggles of this problem have is that ‘they reject earlier models of unitary, homogenous nation-state.’ (17) To understand the validity of cultural diversity in the public sector, we better comprehend the relationship between culture and the public sector, foremost. Culture and the public sector share a reciprocal relationship. This give-and-take relationship works with the mechanism that when a cultural reform or change is brought in the society, the rate of acceptance of change increases whereas when a cultural conflict begins to grow the pace of keenness and deliberateness decreases in the society and an unre st is up heaved in all aspects of the society i.e. economic, political, religious and most importantly institutional. â€Å"Culture is the product of learning, rather than of heredity†, says George Peter Murdock (113). Therefore, the problem of cultural diversity depends majorly on the fact how the society adapts to it and how it demands its solution, as this problem is not only developed by the socio cultural conflict but also due to many other un-proportionate reasons. This may or may not include the institutional environment, social stratification, political set up also the intra-cooperation techniques and many other facets to be laid. Cultural diversity leads a society towards havoc and devastation as it causes extreme unrest in the public sector. Following are the effects and their details, of cultural diver

Communication of the Saudi Arabian Culture Research Paper

Communication of the Saudi Arabian Culture - Research Paper Example ere allowed to enter Saudi Arabia only when they witnessed during the Depression period, a drastic fall in their revenues which they received from the pilgrims (Lacey, 2009, p.75). The principles and values intrinsic in these morals as well as devotion to Islam lie down at the core of the enlightening among the diversified group of citizens and non citizens, tribal or non-tribal, living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The societal values which are a part of the everyday behavior of Saudis include kindness, unselfishness, and generosity; respect for elders in the hierarchical structure of the family; liberation and independence on others and command over the emotions and feelings of each others; and a readiness to maintain lives of other members of the family assuming accountability for their mistakes also (Abbasi & Hollman, 1993, p.56). Saudis worry that respite of the world picturing them as coming from another planet, although most are outstandingly polite and convivial once you truly break free from the principles. Limitations on intermingling between not related people of the opposite sex stay rigorous. Currently, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is managing to move on against its harsh rules, initially by starting a coeducation university, allowing women to sell private clothing to other women, even harmonizing down the decapitations. King Abdullah has taken drastic measures for the positive environment of the nation. However, to the rest of the globalizing world, these changes are hardly noticeable. Saudi Arabia is measured or seen as an extremely high context culture. In high-context cultures, significance is entrenched more in the perspective rather than the policy. Hall (1982) discussed that "most of the information is either in the physical context or internalized in the person, while very little is in the coded, explicit, transmitted part of the message" (p.18). Thus it is important for the listener must appreciate the appropriate signals so as to seize the

Wisdom and Pain found in Silence from the 1981 film The Chosen Essay

Wisdom and Pain found in Silence from the 1981 film The Chosen - Essay Example The last section of the discussion will be drawn upon from the previous points in amplifying them into an evidential conclusion. It will then explain with reason the different sides of the argument of raising a child in silence. Reb Saunders believed that he should raise Danny how he was raised by his father. His father taught him about the suffering of the Jews, but later taught him only through silence. Through not speaking to him, he was forced to look inside himself and to find his own strength. The idea was that a person learns about the pain of others by suffering their own pain. His father also told him that a tzaddik (a Hasidic leader) must also know how to suffer for his people. When he raised Danny, he wanted to find a way that he could teach his son, who was so brilliant, about pain, so that he would want to take on the sufferings of another. He did this through withdrawing from him, teaching through silence, so that Danny would find answers for himself. However, raising a child in silence creates questions as to the psychological effects it has on the child. Although Danny and Reb Saunders do not talk, Danny does in fact respect his father. Strangely, Danny does not feel as though his father does not love him. Reb Saunders may in fact love Danny, but it is hard to love, or to feel loved by somebody, if there is no communication on a personal level. Being raised in silence was a literary device invented by the writer of the original book and is not a custom of the Hasidism culture. Reb Saunders believed that it's a curse to have a brilliant son. Danny is all mind and no soul, whereas Reb Saunders thinks that what he needed was a son with heart and compassion. It is possible that these beliefs are derived from the memories of his brother, who was similarly endowed with a powerful mind, but was indifferent to the suffering of others. He died during World War II, in a gas chamber in Auschwitz. The fact that Danny does have a brilliant mind just as his fathers brother did, signifies this point. Reb Saunders is simply trying to help Danny become compassionate before his time is up too. In his mind, he is only doing what he thinks is the right thing to do to make Danny ready for the responsibility of tzaddik. In general, raising a child in silence would lead to a compassionate heart for two reasons. It would allow them to expand their mind and make them think about life in a very dissimilar way to a child who isn't raised this way. It would also limit their life experiences in a way which would create borders and boundaries to the relationships they are involved in. However, this method would certainly not be suited to everyone. Each human being is made quite differently, and there would be various different results and consequences, depending on the child involved. Modern society would also see this method as being very unorthodox and threatening to the child's wellbeing and mental growth capabilities. If a child is raised in silence, the child will become more independent, at the cost of a healthy social life. Opening up to people, and talking about problems will be difficult. Also, a child learns much more about how to interact with others by interacting with his or her parents. If a child is not exposed to this because a parent acts only as a teacher, their social interactions

Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Development - Essay Example Therefore, private sector has become important in sparking development. However, the task is so overwhelming that it cannot be taken up by a single sector. Therefore, NGOs and charity groups have become very significant in ensuring that development is achieved. Different countries are willing to initiate development in various parts of the world. However, the private sector cannot be entrusted with monitoring how the funds are being utilized. As a result, non-governmental organizations have been given this mandate because they have specialized in ensuring that the development funds reach the right people. However, private sector cannot be left behind in development matters (De & Yehoue 2013). It has been instrumental in identifying areas that need more attention in order to achieve any form of development. In addition, it has been in the forefront in ensuring grants given to the government to start development projects are utilized effectively for the benefits of all people. Private sector partnership with charity groups and NGOs would enhance efficiency. All these parties have a single agenda of initiating development in the society. Therefore, once they bring their ideas and resources together, they would be able to achieve prosperity (Hodge, Greve, & Boardman 2010). This is through closing the gaps that existed which were being used by the elite group and politicians to embezzle funds that were meant for development. Content knowledge in topics such as climate change, financial access and last mile delivery provides non-governmental organizations with an advantage in assessing the needs of the community, policy implications, and customized solutions for specialized contexts (Desai & Potter 2002). Moreover, decades of experience by the non-governmental organizations which have been working with communities is significant in integrating cultural awareness, trusted relationship, and

The layout and operation of a piston engine Assignment

The layout and operation of a piston engine - Assignment Example 1. Stationery parts These include all parts that hold the engine in place and resist the motion of the entire structure due to moments created by the dynamic moving parts. Source: Griffiths Denis, 1997 It also houses the jackets for the cylinder cooling system and the sump for storing the engine lubricating oil. Some of these parts include (i) Bed Plate- The main functions of the bedplate includes providing a support for the main engine bearing and provides a cover space for the lower portion of the crankcase. The sump for the lubricating oil is also contained in this area. (Anderson Henrik, 2007) (ii) Main Bearings- This supports the crankshaft and takes up the load that is transmitted from the piston onto the crankshaft. Explosions or unequal generation of torque can affect the bearing severely which can be easily replaced thus preventing replacement of the entire crankshaft.( Calder Nigel, 1987) Source: RTA84T Sulzer Engine, 2004 (iii) Frame- This houses the entire upper portion o f the crankcase and provides stability to the cylinder block. In marine engines these are also referred to as the ‘A’ Frame. ... ource: RTA84T Sulzer Engine, Liner 2004 (vi) Cylinder Heads- This is the top portion of the cylinder liner and seals the liner thus creating a confined space required for combustion. (vii) Valves or Ports- The function of valves or ports is to allow the entry of fresh air required for combustion and to allow the exit of exhaust gas after the combustion is over. Valves are an additional entity usually housed on top of the cylinder head while ports are holes and openings situated on the cylinder liner which open or close according to the position of the piston skirt with respect to the cylinder liner. (Calder Nigel, 1987) 2. Moving Parts (i) Piston- The face of the piston acts as the other end of the confined space in which combustion occurs. The piston slides in and out of the cylinder contributing to each stroke of the engine. To prevent metal to metal contact between the liner and the piston sides a small clearance is maintained; the sealing achieved by a number of sealing rings hou sed in grooves at the upper end of the piston. The sealing ring prevents the air or exhaust gas from passing on to the underside of the piston. The bottom end of piston is called the ‘skirt’ while the upper portion is called the ‘crown’. Source:RTA84T Sulzer Engine,Pistons, 2004 (ii) Connecting rod- The connecting rod can be construed as a bar which has bearings at both ends. It acts as an interface between the piston and the crankshaft. The thrust developed on the piston is transmitted to the crankshaft via the connecting rod. (Anderson Henrik, 2007) (iii) Connecting Rod Bolts- The connecting rod connected to the crankpin of the crankshaft has a split bottom end. This split end is held in place by these bolts. (iv) Crankshaft- The reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder

The poem Limbo Essay Example for Free

The poem Limbo Essay The poem Limbo is an extended metaphor for the parallel stories of the slaves journey alongside the limbo dance. Throughout the poem, lines and stanzas can be interpreted in many different ways due to the many meanings of the overall message. The title, Limbo itself has many different meanings. For example, the word stereotypically relates to the dance, made up by the slaves on board the ship in order to stay fit when attached to iron bars, in which the dancer has to go under the stick without touching it in order to stay in the game. The title also means a region on the border between Heaven and Hell, referring to the slaves journey on the ship as, in their eyes, India is Heaven and America is Hell, and they are in the middle of the two, journeying towards Hell. Alternatively, the word means a state of uncertainty or a state of imprisonment or confinement. The slaves were imprisoned on the ship with no means of escape, their future already mapped out in front of them. The poem is set out into 24 loose and rhythmic stanzas of varying lengths, giving the poem a beat as means to giving it backing music which the dance would involve. There are 7 repetitive choruses, making it seem more like a dance. These choruses are presented in italics to represent the echoing of the slaves replies to the guards. A lot of language devices have been applied in Limbo. The word stick is mentioned six times in the poem, and each way can be interpreted differently. In Limbo, the dance, dancers have to take turns going under the constantly lowering stick without touching it. If they touch the stick they face disqualification, running parallel to the fact that many slaves couldnt last the entire journey and were therefore thrown overboard in order to produce space. The stick also represents the whip with which the guards used to hit the innocent slaves with to get them in line. Lastly, this could mean the drumstick, which provides the beat and therefore atmosphere for the dance. Effectively, the poem is written in 1st person, as though Brathwaite was a slave and this is his own personal experience. This adds drama to the whole poem as it is presented as a first hand account and therefore more reliable. As a reader, it also makes us more vulnerable to succumb to this feeling of frustration at the way slaves were treated and what there thoughts and feelings were.

Sales System for Customer Management Software Program

Sales System for Customer Management Software Program Sales Management Coursework Assignment Outline what you believe to be going wrong with the sales efforts at Gardnov. Richard Booth is the newly appointed sales manager of Gardnov Limited, he has spent his first four weeks by simply observing how the sales force operated by accompanying them on sales visits and by talking to the customers. According to his observation, he found the company sales force are generally lacking in motivation and without energetic. Even customers can feel about that. Therefore, Richard has to do something in order to arouse the motivation of the sales force. As no new account has been opened during the past four months, it means that the sales force havent expend their market and just keeping the existing customers. Sales will not grow lots if new account hasnt been opened. Richard found the sales force are not trying very hard to get new customers. Richard had visited some customers in each region and he was depressed to hear that even regular customers felt that they didnt relate closely to Gardnovs sales force, customers felt the sales force has been more like order-takers instead of order-makers. It shows that the sales force are not putting efforts on the customers, customers feel that they are unimportant because the sales force showed little interest in them. Besides, a lot of customers reflected that the sales people were unable to answer questions about some of the products in the catalogue. It shows the sales people have lack of knowledge about the products that they are selling, it makes customers without confidence to buy the products because even the sales people did not know the details of the products. They felt that the salespeople showed little concern, spent less time on them, and had little enthusiasm for the products they were selling. Outline what steps Richard should take to investigate further the problems highlighted by his initial research, whilst gaining/maintaining the support of the sales force. By gaining/maintaining the support of the sales force, Richard analysed his initial research, and he will need more research to investigate further problems. By investigating the problems, he will use primary research and secondary research. According to the existing situation, Richard has already done some primary research which included: spending his first four weeks observing how the sales force operated by accompanying them on sales visits and talking to customers. By communicating with the customers directly, Richard can be able to understand what customers need and want from the sales force, and also be able to know if the sales force are effective or not. By observing the sales force, he knew how they work normally and in which aspects that they need to improve to achieve the sales profit. Richard will also need to find out how the company can help the sales force, supporting them and motivate them to sell more products to customers. Besides, Richard also use other ways of primary research to investigate how he can support the sales force and improve the problems in the sales force. He may send questionnaires to every customers (may enclose a brochure or leaflet which include the introduction of new products of the company or even with discount coupons), therefore he will be able to get more opinions about the sales force and he will directly know the problems in the sales force because customers are the most important sources of a company. After analyzing those statistic results, he can be able to take steps to improve sales performance accordingly by using those opinions from customers. Apart from primary research, Richard can use secondary research to investigate more information and can find out more ways to solve out the problems of the sales force. He can use internet research to get some ideas to maintaining the support of the sales force, internet is very useful nowadays, therefore lots of information can be found in internet. By using the research, Richard can investigate more about the problems of the sales force, e.g. to motivate the sales force by using rewarding methods, training the sales force†¦..etc. After Richard knows the problems of the sales force, he can get some solution by using research and therefore he can be able to gaining and maintaining the support of the sales force. Research can help Richard a lot, by taking some marketing research, he can be able to define the problems, decision alternatives and the research objectives. Then it can develop the research plan from the data sources he found, the research approaches including face to face interview customers, questionnaires, internet searching solution. So that Richard can take those steps to improve the sales performance in the sales force and therefore can lead the sales force and make them to develop effective selling habits and finally increase the profits of the company. What are the disadvantages of the present salary-only compensation plan? Salary-only compensation is mean straight salary, the sales people receives a fixed amount of money at fixed intervals, such as weekly or monthly. These security-oriented people prefer base salary or drawing account so that they can depend on some regular income to meet basic living expenses. In Gardnov Limited, the sales force are each paid a straight salary averaged  £21,000 each, within a range of  £16,500 to  £27,300, depends upon his age and the length of time he has been with the company. The disadvantages of straight-salary method of compensation plan are: It provides no financial incentive to put forth extra effort. Thats mean the sales force will not put much more efforts if the salary is fixed, they wont get more salary if they gain some new customers or sell more products to customers. Therefore they will not work very hard to sell the products to customers because they can still obtain the same amount of salary every month. It may increase selling costs because salaries go on when sales are not being made. If the sales force are not putting effort on selling the products to customers, then the sales profit will not made but Gardnov Limited still need to pay salary to the sales force because of its straight-salary. Therefore it might become a big expenditure if sales force didnt earn any sales profits for Gardnov Limited. It often leads to income inequities, since the least productive salespeople tend to be overpaid, and the most productive to be underpaid. There have six salespeople in Gardnov, if only few salespeople working hard and selling products to customers, then they will feel the straight-salary is not equities because they are working harder than other salespeople. They tend to be underpaid and the others tend to be overpaid, so that Gardnov Limited will need to make sure every salesperson are working their best to sell the products to customers under and let the salespeople think Gardnov Limited is fair to them. It also leads to adequate, but not superior performance. By using straight-salary method, it would lead adequate sales profits by sales force, but it will not leads to superior performance because it cannot motivate the salespeople to put a lots of efforts on their selling job, as they can get the same amount of salary each month even though they put little effort on it. The pay of the salary in Gardnov Limited is depends on the salespeoples age and the length of time they have been with the company. Therefore if the youngest salesperson works very hard and sells lots products to customers, he will not get the high pay and he may even get the lowest pay in the company because of his age and the length of time in Gardnov. It will discourage his working enthusiasm and ambitions because he knows that he just get the same pay every month. On the other hand, the oldest salesperson will not working hard as well if he knows that he will get highest pay. Under this circumstance, it cant motivate both of them to work and sell products for Gardnov initiative. And therefore the salary-only compensation plan might not suitable for Gardnov at this moment. Produce some initial recommendations on how Richard might improve sales performance. There have some ways to improve sales performance, it might help Richard to improve the sales performance. Improving team performance is very important for Gardnov, the sales force are aligned with the Gardnovs mission and culture. Gardnov has a committed and empowered workforce. Improving the utilization of the salespeople will help to increase sales volume and profitability of Gardnov, it can improve the sales performance by improve the sales force team workforce. Training is one of the way that Richard can take, according to the case study, customer complain that the salespeople were unable to answer questions about some of the products in the catalogue, they felt that they didnt relate closely to Gardnovs sales force. Therefore customer already felt Gardnovs sales force are not professional because they are deal with their problems. Training is a important job for Richard, it can develop the sales force into a successful, productive part of the team. Sales training and sales force development should be thought of as a long term, by training them more knowledge of the products they are selling, the skills to deal with customer, satisfy customer needs and wants. Motivation is another important part of improving the performance of the sales force. There are many things can motivate a salesperson to perform better, for example, salespeople can be motivated of they feel a lot of work to do on the job will lead to better performance, with better performance leading to higher rewards. Therefore Richard might try to reward them to sell more products to customer, it might help the sales force to increase sales because the salespeople will begin a healthy amount of competition. Another motivation way to motivate the sales force perform better is changing the compensation plan of Gardnov. At the moment Gardnov is using straight salary and they get paid depends on their age and the length of time with the company. Therefore some salespeople might think its unfair and it will not motivate them to work harder because they will not get more paid if they work harder and selling more products to customer. So there have others method of compensation plan, e.g. straight commission. Straight commission is the person receives an amount that varies with results, usually sales or profits. It provides incentives rather than security, the salespeople will increase their productivity because they can get their own commission rewards after selling products to customers. For example, a salesperson may receive 10% of commission on all sales, which mean if he sold  £400, he can get  £40 of commission with his base salary. Therefore income is directly related to productivit y, its easy to calculate, so salespeople may keep track of their earnings. Richard has to develop a sales system to invest in a customer management software program, therefore all the data will be in one locale, enabling Gardnov to increase sales while simultaneously being more efficient.

Approaches To Tackling Cervical Cancer Health And Social Care Essay

Approaches To Tackling Cervical Cancer Health And Social Care Essay The Health Promotion logo incorporates five key action areas in Health Promotion (build healthy public policy, create supportive environments for health, strengthen community action for health, develop personal skills, and re-orient health services) and the three basic Health Promotion strategies (to enable, mediate, and advocate) as described by the World Health Organisation in the Ottawa Charter (World Health Organisation 1986; Nutbeam 1998). In Nigeria, incidence rate of cervical cancer is the estimated at 25 per 100,000 women; with an about 8000 new cases of cervical cancer diagnosed each year(Adewole, Benedet et al. 2005). CITED IN OKONOFUA. The National Cervical Cancer Prevention Programme (NCCPP)-the first national effort towards the cervical cancer prevention in Nigeria-was formally launched by the Honourable Minister of Women Affairs and Social Development in October, 2008. Potential approaches to tackling cervical cancer Medical or preventive approach: primary prevention via HPV vaccination and secondary prevention via cervical screening .This closely aligns with the principle highlighted in the Alma Ata declaration which focuses on prevention rather than cure(World Health Organisation 1978). Behavioural approach: encouraging clients to take-up screening services and also encouraging clients to adopt healthy sexual behaviour through group or one-to-one counselling as well as mass campaigns. Educational approach: increase awareness of the cause of cervical cancer via sex education (peer education and family life skills curriculum). Knowledge about the risk factors for cervical cancer may change sexual attitudes and ultimately behaviour. Socio-economic factors may however limit voluntary change in behaviour. Provision of leaflets, booklets, group, and one-to-one advice may be used to educate on the risks of the disease. Social change approach: free education for teen females and free vocational training programmes and improving access to education. Empowerment approach: enhance life skills through family life skills curriculum and peer-education which help in teaching female teenagers assertiveness and negotiation, and self esteem building regarding sexual issues. Theoretical underpinning for cervical cancer screening This intervention combines the medical (preventive), behavioural and educational approaches to health promotion. The theoretical framework is the modified health belief model(Rosenstock, Strecher et al. 1988) of health-related decision making. The Health Belief Model (HBM) has been widely used in the prediction of cervical cancer screening uptake (Gillam 1991; Austin, Ahmad et al. 2002; Johnson, Mues et al. 2008).It is based on the individuals perceptions of the threat posed by a health problem (susceptibility, severity), the advantages of avoiding the threat, and factors influencing the health related decisions (barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy). This value-expectancy model(Shumaker, Ockene et al. 2009) suggests that whether people change their health behaviour, accept an intervention, or not would depend on if they believe its benefits outweigh its risks (e.g. death) or costs (time and money). It suggests that women are influenced by how vulnerable they think they are to cervical cancer (perceived susceptibility) and how serious they consider it to be (perceived severity). This theory has however been criticised as being unable to predict behaviour but it can potentially serve as a framework for elucidating womens reactions to screening and help in devising methods of increasing participation, improving the quality of the service, and reducing womens anxiety towards cervical cancer diagnosis(Fylan 1998). According to the HBM, asymptomatic people may not go for cervical screening unless they accept that, though they have no symptoms, they may in fact have pre-cancerous lesions (perceived susceptibility). They must understand that cervical cancer is a leading cause of death (perceived severity). Taking a Pap smear test will reduce the risk of cervical cancer (perceived benefits) without negative side effects or excessive difficulty (perceived barriers). Posters, reminder letters and messages, or radio announcements especially in the local dialect mig ht encourage women to go for screening (cues to action). For those who have had a friend or relative developing cancer, counselling might help build confidence in taking up the service (self-efficacy). Individual perceptions Modifying factors Likelihood of action Perceived benefits of cervical screening-avoidance of premature death minus Perceived barriers to cervical screening -accessing healthcare facilities (transport), inconvenient clinic times, lack of a female screener (especially for muslim women), fatalistic view of cancer, cost of testing, lack of patient-friendly services, cultural health beliefs, language barriers, fear of discrimination, spouse disapproval, absence of symptoms Demographic variables Age (>20), female (gender),marital status Socio-psychological variables Low socio-economic status, poor nutrition, level of education, polygamy, multiple sexual partners Structural variables Knowledge about cervical cancer, prior contact with people with cervical cancer Perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer Perceived severity of cervical cancer Perceived threat of cervical cancer Likelihood of having a pap smear Cues to action Advice from physicians and lay persons (friends, neighbours, relatives, community leaders, and spiritual leaders) Mass media campaigns-radio announcements and broadcasts (in English and local dialect), newspaper articles, billboards, television, press advertisements Booklets, leaflets, and posters placed in public places like supermarkets; handbills Illness or death of a friend or close relative from cervical cancer Reminders from physicians Health Belief Model of Cervical Cancer Prevention (Adapted from (Naidoo and Wills 2009)-Health Belief Model pg. The theory of reason action and theory of planned behaviour may be used to predict response to cervical cancer screening based on looking up to the health promoters as models. Role of the media in cervical screening Using the media to pass on information and advice is an important strategy or tool for health promotion. Much of public health issues-including smoking and HIV/AIDS -have been successfully improved via extensive media campaigns. Media messages help in reaching large numbers of people. The vital role of research in health promotion has been supported by research (Marcus and Crane 1998; Jenkins, McPhee et al. 1999).Mass media campaigns aim to raise awareness or provide messages about participation in the intervention. Mobile phone text messaging is a potentially useful means of sending invitations and reminders for screening. A research finding also stated that mobile phone messages `seems to be an effective tool for increasing compliance with vaccination schedules'(Vilella, Bayas et al. 2004).A trial demonstrated that attendance at primary care centres improved via mobile phone text messaging (Leong, Chen et al. 2006)and unhealthy behaviours such as smoking(Rodgers, Corbett et al. 2005) has been shown in research to be improved by text messages. Furthermore, a systematic review also indicated that mass media interventions may play a key role in influencing the use of healthcare interventions(Grilli, Freemantle et al. 2000). Linear causal and diffusion of innovation model have been used to explain the effects of media on an audience.REVISE AND ADD 3 LINES FROM TAG AND NAIDOO Though media is effective at reaching large nos of people the understanding and recall by the target audience cannot be guaranteed .It must be supported by other strategies like reimforcement from experts. CITE NAIDOP189 PLUS SOURCESCHECK NAIDOO AND WILLS .There is also a problem of interpreting statistics research studies and interpretation of risk. Social marketing=market women,university students,female health care wokers,women in churches,muslim women Read pg 194 plus few other ar Rationale for cervical screening For a screening for a disease to be effective: the disease must be an important health problem; the natural course of the disease should be well understood; the disease should have a long detectable preclinical phase; must have effective treatment and early treatment should improve outcome; the test should be highly specific and sensitive; and adequate resources to perform the test should be available and it should be cost effective(Naidoo and Wills 2005). LINK THESE TO PAP SMEAR AND CERV CA + CITE epide/sys reviews/rcts The Ewles and Simnett model(Ewles and Simnett 2003) combined with a logic framework would be used in planning the programme. Needs assessment: the case for cervical cancer screening in Ibadan The needs assessment for this programme is carried out from the professionals perspective using the epidemiological approach (Williams and Wright 1998; Bowling and Jones 2002; Tones and Green 2004).Needs assessment is best carried out using both qualitative and quantitative information(Gilmore and Campbell 2005).It is done in order to help establish priorities ,assist planning, justify the use of resources and also in planning evaluation. It brings to light the magnitude of the problem and establishes a baseline against which the health promotion intervention can be evaluated. Ibadan is large community located in Nigeria. It shares a unique mix of middle class -mainly government workers and university staff -and socially disadvantaged groups. It has a substantial number of Muslims spanning the Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups .Literacy level is low. The transport system is inexpensive but poorly organised and most women are involved in petty trading. Health services available are one teaching hospital, 3 state-owned general hospitals, and primary health centres located within each LGA. Epidemiological data-morbidity, and mortality statistics-from the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan cancer registry- was used to identify and quantify the incidence of cervical cancers occurring in the community. The mean age of years at presentation. A recent study by doctors at the University College Hospital, Ibadan as reported by The Punch of November 7, 2002 gave credence to the emerging trend revealing- that out of- Nigerian women have breast cancer. Based on this finding, 34,800 new cases would be expected in 2003 an increase from 27,840 or 25% in 1999. Selection of intervention population Based on needs assessment, practical considerations such as level of funding, the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus infection and to a lesser degree current life-expectancy statistics? This intervention targets women between 20 and 65 years old Justify with evidence Aim The programme overall aim is to reduce the morbidity and premature mortality from cervical cancer in Ibadan? Objectives To raise the awareness of cervical cancer and screening to 85% by the year 2014 To increase to about 70% participation( the percentage of eligible women screened by ) To Intervention and resources=500 words The intervention is a community-based intervention set in Ade-Oyo Ibadan, a community in the South-Western region of Nigeria. Mass media campaigns to promote cervical cancer screening-planned media coverage funded by sponsoring bodies plus unpaid media coverage in newspapers-the recent death of a former first lady from ovarian cancer may increase awareness and the involvement of the current first lady in cancer initiatives has led to a dramatic increase in media coverage of cancer related issues. Stakeholders-represenative of the press? Primary staeholders-the women Secondary stakeholders Health professionals-general practitioners,specialist gynaecologists,health promotion and public health nurses,community health extension workers Key stakeholders Funding bodies and ngos World Health Organisation , Mass Medical Mission (MMM) ,PATH Policy makers- agencies/FMOH/Oyo State moh,Ministry of Women Affairs RESOURCES Pap smear plus acetoacettttt Target? by 2014 Evaluation of the cervical cancer prevention programme=300 -400 words Ethical principles 3-4 lines Political dimensions3-4 statements Politics can be looked at from a power perspective and defined as the production ,distribution and use of scarce resourcesCite IN NAIDOO(Heywood 2000). Politics play an important role in the success of health promotion interventions. ATTACH LOGIC FRAMEWORK Quantitative approach: Conclusion This health promotion intervention has used the medica approach to hp which is often viewed as being mechanistic redustic view of health

D-day :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  pg. 1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1942 General Eisenhower, Supreme Allied Commander, had warned Germany to, â€Å"Beware the fury of an aroused democracy.† On D-Day, June 6, 1944, the Allies mounted the largest amphibious assault in history and redeemed Eisenhower’s warning. The invasion force consisted of more than 5,000 ships, 1,200 warships and 13,000 airplanes. Some 90,000 U.S., British, Canadian, and free French troops landed on the beaches of Normandy while about 20,000 more came by parachute or glider. The Invasion had been in preparation for a year. Over 55,000 brave American soldiers stormed the beaches of Normandy, an appalling 2,700 Americans had took their last steps of life defending their country, their world, and everything they stood for.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  D-Day, planned by the Russians, Americans, and British insisted that the United States help with the advancement on France (Atlantic front). British and Canadian forces would also combine in the cross-channel invasion. Simultaneously in Eastern Europe (eastern front) the Soviets would battle while the Americans, the British, and the Canadian forces would attack a stretch of beaches along the French coast. The U.S. would attack a part of Normandy code named Omaha and Utah beaches. These were two code names for these particular sectors of the invasion front.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Buildup   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Around a year before D-Day, Hitler had gained and occupied Western Europe and parts of Russia during it’s blitzkrieg crusade throughout 1939-41. Adolf Hitler, the Nazi leader of Germany, had also acquired control of the North African coast. Without intervention from the Western Allies, Hitler would reign Europe for years to come.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Subsequently while Russians were engaged in the war, Joseph Stalin, the Soviet leader, had wanted the Allies to join and proceed to make a â€Å"second front† along Western Europe. In 1942 this idea was virtually impossible for the United States because we were still forming an army. The materials needed to have such an invasion were not yet built to cross the English Channel. Meanwhile in the1940’s campaign, when the British were battling in Dunkirk, France, the British had to withdraw forces from being massacred by Hitler’s army. During this confrontation Hitler had declared war on the United States on December 11, 1941 just after Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese military forces.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Roosevelt first stated that â€Å"Germany is priority first.† This was agreed in Argentia, Newfoundland in August of 1941. Eisenhower, U.S. general, proposed an attack in 1943 named (Operation â€Å"Roundup†) and another called (Operation â€Å"Sledgehammer†), these would be used in the event of the Soviets collapsing or the weakening of Germany. Both plans were presented in London, England and Roundup

Essay on Literacy in African-American Literature -- compare and contras

Levels of Literacy in African-American Literature - Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Song of Solomon, and Push      Ã‚  Ã‚   Through literacy will come emancipation. So runs a theme throughout the various selections we have read thus far. But emancipation comes in many forms, as does literacy. The various aspects of academic literacy are rather obvious in relation to emancipation, especially when one is confronted with exclusion from membership in the dominant culture. In the various slave narratives we have examined, all but one writer, Mary Prince, managed to achieve academic literacy to varying degrees (although, Mary Prince was in the process of learning to read and write). And even though she was not literate, Mary was still able to have her story told. Frederick Douglass, made it a point to attain literacy at any cost. Most, but not all, of Toni Morrison's characters in Song of Solomon appear to have attained at least a modicum of literacy. In Push, Sapphire has her protagonist, Precious, pointed down a long road toward at least a minimal form of academic literacy that will allow her to become a more functional human being and a much more productive member of society. What part does literacy play in the advancement of the individual, and to what lengths will one go to achieve it? What part must the individual play to make certain that literacy leads to the desired or implied advancement? And, finally, is there a cost for literacy, or is it always something gained?    Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass    As a relatively young man, Frederick Douglass discovers, in his Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, that learning to read and write can be his path to freedom. Upon discovering that... ...he past, but Douglass and Precious can use their connections with the past as means to avoid its mistakes. So all three find a personal use for what once was reality as a promise for a more fulfilling reality in the future. And in a certain sense, all three find emancipation through their disparate relationships with literacy.    Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: New American Library, 1987. 243-331. Gates, Henry Louis. The Classic Slave Narratives. New York: New American Library, 1987. Graff, Harvey J. The Literacy Myth: Literacy and Social Structure in the Nineteenth-Century City. New York: Academic Press, 1979. Morrison, Toni. Song of Solomon. New York: Penguin Books USA, Inc., 1987. Sapphire. Push. New York: Vintage Books, 1996.

Gate Keeping Essay

There are many processes a newspaper must go through before it can be sold in a newsagent and lots of people are involved in making just one article. The process that makes this article is called ‘Gate keeping’. To begin with, the news is first caught hold of by the news agencies, who then sell the stories to the news media. The copy taster then makes a quick selection of stories they consider news worthy to the paper they are working for, although they only dismiss the obvious non – news worthy stories as they don’t hold a great deal of responsibility. What they consider suitable they send off to the news editor. It is the news editor’s job to make a definitive judgment if which stories will be followed up and which ones will not. They decide what angle to take on the story according to what perceptions they want to portray to the reader. They then select, in their own opinion, reporters and photographers they consider suitable to create the story. However, if the story took place in another county, a foreign news editor will be assigned to this job instead. Photographers and reporters work on the same time scale. They decide how to display the information, and it is their job to research the story before working on it so that they have their facts clear (this also comes into importance when the story is handed to the sub editor). This might include going to the site the event took place, going to interviews, searching the library or the internet. The reporters will then write up the story taking into consideration what the news editor has suggested to them. Their copy must be given to the news editor before the deadline. The news editor will then check it, and make sure it has taken the correct angles and spins. If it has not they will give it back to the reporter with suggestions of how to make it more news worthy. The photographers discuss with the head photographer what photos will be best suited to the story. They then research the story, and their prints must be developed and handed to the picture editor by the deadline stated. It is the picture editor’s responsibility to crop and enlarge the photos, to best fit the story. Everything is then handed to the sub editor who will then correct spelling and grammar, write eye catching headlines and captions, check that the story is within the law, i.e. so no one can take legal action against the newspaper. They also decide the layout of the article, making sure words don’t overlap pictures etc. Everything is then handed to the editor who then writes an editorial and is in charge of advertising. Designers are employed to create adverts and work on features. For smaller articles in the newspaper, a features editor is employed. Therefore a newspaper begins at a news agency and end up at a newsagent.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Twenty

This is substance worse than the breast bring course, thought plane.And building a sept seminal fluid issue of stark nakedspaper. And the fire liberty chit.This is definitely the worst make happy level(p)t yet.He twisted the soup-strainer in his passel to truly y get into the secondary era out(p) speed along the bottom of the paneling on the Vitale Societys pledge room wal s. The toothbrush came out disconso late with ancient dirt and swing cobwebs, and lustrelessness grimaced in disgust. His masking was already sore from hunching over.Hows it qualifying absent, soldier? Chloe asked, squatting consume fount by side(p) to him, a dripping leech in hotshot hand.H whizzstly, Im not for sure how scrubbing out this room is qualifying to help us develop prise and leadership and al the tweet Ethan guards public lecture more or less, monotonous verbalise. I th sign this major power besides be a manner to save a couple of bucks on a cleaning service.Well , they say cleanliness is next to godliness, she reminded him. Chloe laughed. He real y wish her laugh. It was sort of bubbly and sil real.Internal y, he gave himself a little eye rol . champagne and silvery. She had a nice laugh, was al he meant.Theyd been spending a lot of clipping unitedly since Chris twingehers death. insipid had felt desire nothing could be as unwhole both(prenominal) as living with al of Christophers stuff when Christopher himself was gone, simply then Chriss p arents came and packed it up, softly patting Matt on the put up as if he deserved some amiable of sympathy when they had lost their only son. And with nevertheless empty space where Christophers things had been, incessantlyything was a sea mile ion times worse.Me rosy- brassedith, decorous, and Elena had tried to comfort him.They cute so badly for him to be very well once again that hed felt guilty he wasnt, making it harder for him to be keep out to them.Chloe had interpreted to com ing by the room, hanging out with him or getting him to come to the cafeteria or wherever with her, keeping him in play with the world when he felt analogous locking himself away. There was something so open nigh her. Elena, the only missy hed ever loved before straightway, part of him whispered was very much more work to be close to.Inside, he flinched at his own disloyalty to Elena, however it was true.Now he was starting to enkindle up and take an interest in things again. And he kept noticing with fresh admiration the cute dimple Chloe had in her honest cheek, or how shiny her curly consumecast hair was, or how graceful and delightful her hands were despite the fact that they were very much stained with paint.So far, though, they were barely friends. perhaps maybe it was time to change that.Chloe snapped her fingers in front of his face, and Matt realized he had been staring at her. You al right, chum? she asked, a little frown wrinkling her forehead, and M att had to restrain himself from kissing her right then.Yeah, just spacing out, he utter, feeling a flush creep over his cheeks. He was smiling kindred a goof, he knew.Want to help with these wal s?Sure, why not? Chloe answered. Il soap stilt the wal part, and you keep doing whatever youre doing there with that little toothbrush.They worked companionably together for a while, Chloe now and then accidental y-on-purpose dripping soapy water onto the top of Matts head.As they worked further along the paneling, the niche beneath the baseboard got deeper, until it was not so much a niche as a gap. Matt slid the toothbrush underneath to scrub man, but it got grimy down there and felt something shift.Theres something under here, he told Chloe, pressing his hand flat against the narration and working his fingers into the gap. He slid his hands and the toothbrush around, movementing to shimmy whatever was down there toward them, but he couldnt kind of get a grip on it.Look, give tongue to Chloe after a moment, I hypothesize the paneling readiness sliding board up here. She wiggled the section of wood until it gave a raucous screech and she was able to work it up.Huh, she said, puzzled. Wow, its similar a secret compartment. Seems analogous it hasnt been opened for a while, though. one time she managed to locomote the paneling up, they could check the space bottomland it was smal , only a foot or so in height and breadth and a few inches deep. It was ful of cobwebs. Inside was something rectangular, enwrapped in a cloth that had in all probability formerly been white but was now grey-haired with dust.Its a book, Matt said, pickax it up. The grime on the outside of the cloth was thick and soft and came away on his hands. Unwrapping it, he found the book intimate was clean.Wow, Chloe said softly.It directed old, real y old. The showing was flaking disgraceful leather, and the edges of the pages were rough as if theyd been hand cut instead of by a machine. Tilting the book a little, Matt could see the remains of gilt that must pay back once been the title, but it was worn away now.Matt opened it to the middle. Inside, it was handwritten, black ink inscribing neat strong strokes. And total y indecipherable.I think its Latin. possibly? said Matt. Do you tell apart Latin at al ?Chloe shook her head. Matt flipped back to the first page, and one script popped out at him. Vitale.Maybe its a tale of the Vitale Society, Chloe said.Or ancient secrets of the founders. Cool We should contribute it to Ethan.Yeah, sure, Matt said, distracted. He turned a few more pages, and the ink changed from black to a risque brown. It opinions like arid kind, he thought, and shuddered, then pushed the image away. It was just some kind of old ink, fagged brown with time.One word he recognized, written three no, four times on the page Mort. That meant death, didnt it? Matt traced the word with his finger, frowning. Creepy.Il show it t o Ethan, Chloe said, jumping up and victorious the book from him. She crossed the room and break Ethans conversation with another girl. From the other side of the room, Matt watched Ethans face break into a slow grimace as he took the book.After a few minutes, Chloe returned, grinning. Ethan was real y excited, she said. He said hel tel us al about it after he gets someone to translate the book. Matt nodded. Thats terrific, he said, pushing the last of his unease away. This was Chloe, lively, express joy Chloe, and he would try not to think about death or blood or anything morbid around her. Hey, he said, pushing away the dark thoughts, cerebrate on the golden highlights in her dark hair. Are you going to the companionship at McAl ister House tonight?Maybe not pulled back, Elena thought, looking critical y at herself in the mirror. She tugged the barrette out of her hair and allow her golden locks tumble, sleek and flat-ironed, down around her shoulders. Much better.She looke d good, she noted, running her eyes dispassionately over her reflection. Her strappy scam black set on fire back accentuated her rose-petal skin and pale hair, and her dark racy eyes seemed huge.Without Stefan, though, what did it matter how she looked?She watched her own embouchure tighten in the mirror as she pushed the thought away. However much she deep in thought(p) the feeling of Stefans hand in hers, his lips on hers, however much she needed to be with him, it was impossible for now.She couldnt be Katherine. And her pride wouldnt permit her just mope around, either. Its not forever, she told herself grimly. becoming came up and threw her arm around Elenas shoulders, regarding them two in the mirror. We clean up nice, dont we? she asked contented y. Ready to go?You do look amazing, Elena said, looking at bonny with affection. The shorter girl was hardheaded y glowing with redness eyes sparkling, smile bright, cheeks flushed, mane of red hair flying out evidently with a life of its own and her short blue dress and strappy high-heeled shoes were adorable. Bonnies smile got grandger.Lets get going, Meredith said, al business. She was sleek and practical in jeans and a soft fitted gray shirt that matched her eyes. It was hard to know what Meredith was thinking, but Elena had over perceive her murmuring to Alaric on the phone late at night. She figured that Meredith, at heart, mightiness not be into the troupe either.Outside, commonwealth walked quickly in large, silent groups, glancing around nervously as they went. No one lingered, no one was alone.Meredith stopped midstride and stiffened, dead sensible of a potential threat. Elena fol owed her gaze. She was wrongly one person lingered alone. Damon was sitting on a bench outside their dorm, his face tipped toward the sky as if he was basking in the sun despite the ugliness of the notwithstandinging.What do you want, Damon? Meredith said, warily. Her voice wasnt actual y rude theyd g otten past that, working together this summer but it wasnt friendly, and Elena could feel her bristling beside her.Elena, of course, Damon said lazily, rising and smoothly winning Elenas arm.Bonnie looked back and forth between them, puzzled. I thought you werent going to spend time with either of them for a while, she said to Elena.Damon speak quietly into Elenas ear. Its about the Vitale Society. Ive got a lead.Elena hesitated. She hadnt told her friends about the hints she and Damon had found that the Vitale Society might be more than a myth, or that they might be connected to her parents in some way. There wasnt real y anything much to go on yet, and she didnt feel sooner ready to talk about the porta that her parents might have been mixed up in some kind of dark secret or how she felt, seeing the images of them when they were young. qualification up her mind, she turned to Meredith and Bonnie. Ive got to go with Damon for a minute. Its important. Il explain it to you guys l ater. See you at the party in a little bit.Meredith frowned but nodded, and she steered Bonnie toward McAl ister House. As they went, Elena could hear Bonnie construction, But wasnt the whole point retention his hand tucked firmly under Elenas arm, Damon led her in the opposite direction. Where are we going? she asked, feeling too aware of the softness of Damons skin and the strength of his grip.I saw a girl eroding one of those pins from the photo, Damon answered. I fol owed her to the library, but once she got inside, she just disappeared. I looked everywhere for her. Then, an hr later, she came out the library doors again. Remember when I said we needed to look for answers somewhere other than the library? He smiled. I was wrong. Theres something going on in there.Maybe you just didnt see her? Elena wondered aloud.Its a big library, she could have been tucked away in a study carrel or something.I would have found her, Damon said briefly. Im good at finding people. His dentit ion shone white for a moment under the streetlights.The problem was that the library was so normal. Once they were inside, Elena looked around at the gray-carpeted push downs, the beige chairs, the rows and rows of bookshelves, the buzz fluorescent lights. It was a place to study. It didnt look like any secrets were hidden here. upstairs? she suggested.They took the stairs rather than the elevator and worked their way down from the top floor. Going from floor to floor, they found nothing. People reading and taking notes.Books, books, and more books. In the basement, there was a room of vending machines and smal tables for study breaks. energy unexpected.Elena paused in a hal way of administrative offices near the vending machine. Were not going to find anything, she told Damon. His face twisted in frustration, and she added, I believe you that theres something going on here, I do, but without any leads, we dont even know what were looking for yet.The door back tooth her, marked Research Office, opened, and Matt came out.He looked tired, and Elena felt a quick flash of guilt.After Christophers death, she and Meredith and Bonnie had meant to stick close to Matt. But he was always meddlesome with footbal or class and didnt seem to want them around.She realized with a shock that she hadnt talked to him in days.Oh, hey, Elena, Matt said, looking startled. Are you going to the party tonight? He greeted Damon with an steamy nod.Mutt, Damon acknowledged, giving a half(prenominal)(prenominal) smile, and Matt rol ed his eyes.As they chatted about the party and classes and Bonnies new semiboyfriend, Elena cataloged her impressions of Matt. Tired, yes his eyes were a little bloodshot, and there was grimness to his lips that hadnt been there a few weeks ago. But why did he smel so strongly of soap? It wasnt like he was particularly clean, she thought, inspecting a dark trail tracing down Matts cheek to his neck. It looked like something had been dripped on his h ead. It was almost like he had been cleaning something. Something real y dirty.Struck by a new thought, she glanced at his chest.Surely he wouldnt be wearing one of the V pins? As if aware of what she was wondering, Matt pul ed his diadem more tightly around him.What were you doing in that office? she asked him abruptly.Uh. Matts face was blank for half a second, and then he glanced up at the door, at the sign saying Research Office. Research, of course, he said. Ive got to go, he added. Il convey you at the party later, okay, Elena? He had half turned away, when Elena impulsively put out her hand to catch his arm. Where have you been, Matt? she asked. Ive hardly seen you lately. Matt grinned, but he didnt quite meet her eyes.Footbal , he said. col ege bal s a big deal. He gently pul ed away from her restraining hand. Later, Elena. Damon.They watched him walk away, and then Damon nodded toward the door Matt had come out of. Shal we? he said.Shal we what? Elena asked, puzzled.Oh, l ike that wasnt suspicious, Damon said. He put his hand on the knob, and Elena heard the lock snap as he forced it open.Inside was a very boring room. A desk, a chair, a smal rug on the floor.Maybe a little too boring?A research office without books? Or even a computer? Elena asked. Damon cocked his head to one side, considering, then, with a swift movement, pul ed digression the rug.Below it was the clear outline of a trapdoor. Bingo, Elena breathed. She stepped forward, already bending down to try and pry it open, but Damon pul ed her back.Whoever is use this could stil be down there, he said. Matt just left, and I doubt he was alone. Matt. Whatever was going on, Matt knew about it.Maybe I should talk to him, Elena said.Damon frowned. Lets grasp until we know what were dealing with, he said. We dont know what Matts involvement is. This could be dangerous for you. He had taken hold of her arm again and was pul ing her gently, steadily out of the room. Wel come back later. Elena le t him lead her away, grappling with what hed said. wild? she thought. Surely Matt wouldnt be doing anything that would be a danger to Elena?

Latin American Art Essay

Art is a form of expression. Paintings ar a form of visual cheat. Artists atomic number 18 the creators of visual forms of confabulation and their art whole kit and caboodle speak come out of the closet what is in their hearts and minds. Art in any form, music, forge or dance is n whiztheless a phraseology of the soul of the artist. Art of a period is a depiction and impact of the social, political, religious, cultural, traditional, geographical and social transcription prevalent at the time. Like the transformation of a person th clownish and through circumstances and experience, paintings too give change in their character in form, subject, and woof of colors, technique and style.Latin American art grew through the age of ancient folklore, to a combination of modernness to rebel against imperialism, colonialism, terrorism and dominance of the western globe surpassing the turbulence played by business relationship with the Latin American countries. They were plundere d and conquered innumerable multiplication and till today they fight for their identity element which is disintegration into the global world. The name of Mexican Artist Diego Rivera is historied as the master of cubism of the other(a) 20 century. His lams have gained immense popularity for their modernism and retention of originality.Diego was mesmerized by the reinvigorated style of painting lead by celebrated Spaniard Pablo Picasso in the cubist paintings by Diego so he mastered that style from 1913 and highly- real it in his later works. The Zapatista Landscape is a painting in the selfsame(prenominal) style. It is a landscape of the urban center of Zapatista. Juxtaposed with the geographical terrain of Zapatista, are the bold and pleasing pictures of guns, fragments of hu art object swashs in the fannydrop of nature. Bold lines are absent entirely the distinction of shapes is vivid in the painting. in that revere is an indication of texture and the strokes of th e sail are smooth.The landscape showers a powerful broadcast of blinding light from supra in the painting. colour in are not representational still expressive. skilful to its time, the landscape breaks rapidly precisely identical the remnant and damage of the culture and traditions at the mercy of those who command over them then. The Zapatista landscape, by Diego Rivera, the master of cubism, is my choice because it has a tremendous visual impact and bursts with vibrant colors. The scrap image of another artist of the period is that of Joaquin Torres Garcia. His snare metaphysical work captivates the viewer because of its grid shapes and dissimilar style.His paintings locution like murals on a wall, where geometrical shapes are made to date unique by the effect of metal-looking colors. Numbers, dimensions and shapes comprise his visual portrayal. Torres Garcia developed his own style called the constructivist Art in the early 20 century. He returned to his roots af ter several(prenominal) years in Europe and America. A man without any family ties, Joaquin was brave and confident to try out new styles of his own but wanted to carry the tribal art and geometrical organization of expressions on the button like the Inca Civilization and Peruvian art.He use the golden mean to express his art. The distinct feature of his paintings is their irregular grid purse and the signs embedded into each. His paintings look as though they have been made on walls and not on canvas. The play of light and civilization is subtle. His colors are representational but they inhibit the eye by their abstract subjects. His paintings are real fascinating as we do not visualise their theme at first instance. They make you look at them for hours and to penetrate into every detail to date the interesting message from the mind of Garcia.There is a three dimensional effect but in that respect is no perspective to his paintings. They look flat but the grid looks as tho ugh each gentleman is an elevated metal sheet with figures and forms on it. There is a balance of spatial relationship but no attempt at creating illusions. The luster of metals is an crotchety method of Garcias works. His creations speak about spirituality, religion, guess and universality. His deep belief in traditions of ancient civilizations like the Inca, surfaces uncloudedly in his works. They signify the resistance he felt towards the dominance of European art.His works repeat feelings of identity crisis of the Latin American people and revolution against the degradation of their culture. His subject is not human forms but a connection to the universe and the eternity of the soul. The inquire of the two different paintings is their diverse subject, theme, style, color schemes and effects. besides the message is unmistakably the same. Search of identities Unity amidst assortment How do they stand out alone and stock-still combine to form such a salutary pair? The Zapatista by Diego Rivera is like a bright flower struggling for survival and fighting its rough terrain.It evokes a feeling of admiration for an individuals self esteem. The painting by Joaquin Torres Garcia, with its grid base and earthy metallic colors evokes a respect for some one who is trying to make a place for himself in a world that refuses him the identity and dignity he deserves. Disparity, unrest, between classes of society, in the leash world and western countries, the message of rebellion, liberty from inhibition by power of education, wealth, industry and might, is the loud and clear evocation of both the works.The Zapatista, Diegos work promotes a message of patriotism through his painting, while Joaquin achieves it by his systematic grid base in his work. The grid base gives a rational approach to art while the abstract forms connect creativity to the supreme unknown realms of the Universe. Beautiful landscape of Zapatista projects peace and consistency with it s blue sky, brown mountains and green trees but is pose by brightly colored pictures of guns and dark odd eyes of the innocent citizens, of the revolutionaries who were desperate to break free from the ramshackle of their present.Garcia vividly demarcates visual matter by geometrical grids, blended into abstract forms and Diego uses cubism to arouse feelings in his work. But there is a harmony of judgment which binds both these paintings into a single message. That of an uprising billow in the hearts of sensitive people of Latin America and their struggle to retain their identity in the emerging new world. Together they resonate the same ultimate yearning of mankind. To rise up above time and to live up to eternity. Stare at them and they speak out to you. Call you towards them and throw you back if you do not understand the message they are giving.Zapatista landscape beckons all those who have migrated to affluent countries in quest of their unfulfilled dreams. It brings out si ghs of nostalgia and tears of rage, perfidy and fear when you look at it. Garcias work attracts you like a magnet to metal. The lustrous metallic shine with abstract intriguing signs, get embossed on your mind. They lead you to believe that art and creativity are a science and can be portrayed through numbers. See each one in a different light and when unneurotic they tell the same story. Like a impudently married couple, coming from two different corners of the world.With two different upbringings but united for life to research the same purpose. That of procreation. Of giving birth to a new world, full of hope, happiness and universal bliss. Not just for themselves but for the Universe as a whole. works CitedDiego Rivera (Mexico), Zapatista Landscape, 1915, 29 November 2008. Joaquin Torres-Garcia (Uruguay), Abstract Metaphysical Forms, 1930, 29 November 2008